Family: Moraceae
English Names: Cluster Fig, Indian Fig Tree
Common Names:
- Hindi: Gular
- Sanskrit: Udumbara, Jantuphala, Gulara
- Punjabi: Gular
- Gujarati: Umbaro
- Tamil: Athi
- Kannada: Atti mara
- Malayalam: Athi
Classical Classification
| Text | Group |
|---|---|
| Charaka | Nyagrodhadi Gana, Purishavirechana |
| Sushruta | Nyagrodhadi Gana |
| Bhavaprakasha | Vatadi Varga |
ЁЯФЧ Reference (Bhavaprakasha Nighantu):
Verse on Udumbara:
рдЙрджреБрдореНрдмрд░реЛ рдЬрдВрддреБрдлрд▓реЛ рд▓рдШреБрд╢реНрдЪрд╛рд╕реНрд░рд╡рд┐рд░реЛрдзрдХрдГред
рд╢реАрддреЛ рдЧрдВрдзрд┐рдлрд▓рдГ рд╢реБрдХреНрд░рдГ рд╢реЛрдлрдкрд┐рддреНрддрдХрдлрд╛рдкрд╣рдГрее
рдХрд╖рд╛рдпреЛ рдордзреБрд░рдГ рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рджреБрдГ рдкрд╛рдХреЗ рдЪ рдордзреБрд░рдГ рд╕реНрдореГрддрдГред
рджрд╛рд╣рдХреГрдЪреНрдЫреНрд░рд╛рд╕реНрд░рдкрд┐рддреНрддреЗрд╖реБ рдкреНрд░рдпреБрдХреНрддреЛ рд╡реНрд░рдгрд░реЛрдкрдгрдГрее
Botanical Description
- Habit: Moderate-sized deciduous tree, up to 10тАУ15 m
- Leaves: Broad, ovate, rough, dark green
- Fruits: Grow in clusters directly from trunk and branches (cauliflorous), green when unripe, reddish on ripening
- Bark: Greyish, smooth
- Habitat: Widely distributed throughout India, in moist and dry regions
- Flowering/Fruiting: March to June
Ayurvedic Pharmacology
| Rasa (Taste) | Guna (Quality) | Veerya (Potency) | Vipaka (Post-digestive Taste) | Prabhava (Specific Action) | Doshaghnata (Effect on Doshas) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kashaya (Astringent), Madhura (Sweet) | Guru (Heavy), Snigdha (Unctuous) | Sheeta (Cold) | Madhura (Sweet) | Vrana-ropaka (wound healing) | Pitta-Kapha Shamak |
Chemical Constituents
- Leucoanthocyanins
- Sterols (╬▓-sitosterol)
- Tannins
- Lupeol
- Bergapten
- Psoralen
- Furanocoumarins
Therapeutic Uses (Indications)
| Condition | Form/Usage |
|---|---|
| Vrana (Wounds) | Bark or leaf decoction/wash, latex application |
| Prameha (Diabetes) | Bark or leaf decoction |
| Raktapitta (Bleeding disorders) | Bark decoction |
| Shotha (Inflammation) | Leaf paste or latex externally |
| Atisara (Diarrhea) | Unripe fruit or bark decoction |
| Daha (Burning sensation) | Fruit or bark decoction internally |
| Mukhapaka (Mouth ulcers) | Decoction for gargling |
| Kasa/Shvasa (Cough/Asthma) | Tender fruit or leaf decoction |
Dosage
- Powder (Churna): 3тАУ6 g
- Decoction (Kashaya): 50тАУ100 ml
- Juice (Swarasa): 10тАУ20 ml
- Latex: External use in diluted form
Useful Parts
- Bark
- Leaves
- Fruit (raw and ripe)
- Latex
Ayurvedic Formulations
- Udumbararishta
- Nyagrodhadi Churna
- Khadiradi Gutika/Vati
- Udumbara Kashaya
- Udumbara Taila